Finding and Purchasing Government Lands
Finding and Purchasing Government
Lands
Does the Federal Government ever sell public
land? The
answer is yes. Lands identified as excess to the
public's
and Government's needs or more suited to private
ownership
are sometimes offered for sale. This brochure
can help
explain the procedures and where to go for details.
First, it's important to understand the
Federal
Government has two major categories of property
which it
makes available for sale: real property and public
lands.
Real Property is primarily developed land
with buildings,
usually acquired by the Federal Government for
a specific
purpose, such as a military base or office building.
Public Land is undeveloped land with no
improvements,
usually part of the original public domain established
during the western expansion of the United States.
Most of
this land is in the 11 Western States and Alaska,*
although
some scattered parcels are in the East. This land
is the
responsibility of the Department of the Interior's
Bureau of
Land Management (BLM).
If it's public land you're interested
in, read on. We
can help you. If you're interested in real property,
you
should contact the General Services Administration
(GSA);
it's responsible for selling developed, surplus
property.
Addresses of the GSA Regional Offices are listed
in the back
of this brochure.
If you're still reading, we can assume
you're
interested in the possibility of buying public
land from the
BLM. We receive numerous questions about our land
sales, and
this brochure is designed to answer many of the
questions most
commonly asked. Later on, we'll also tell you
where you can
obtain more detailed information.
* Due to land entitlements to the State
of Alaska and to
Alaska Natives, no public land sales will
be conducted in
Alaska in the foreseeable future.
Q. Where are these public lands?
A. Almost all are in the Western States of
Alaska, Arizona,
California, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada,
New Mexico,
Oregon, Utah, and Wyoming.
There are also small amounts in Alabama,
Arkansas, Florida,
Illinois, Kansas, Louisiana, Michigan, Minnesota,
Missouri,
Mississippi, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio,
Oklahoma, South
Dakota, Washington, and Wisconsin.
There are no public lands managed by the
BLM in Connecticut,
Delaware, Georgia, Hawaii, Indiana, Iowa, Kentucky,
Maine,
Maryland, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New
Jersey, New York,
North Carolina, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island,
South Carolina,
Tennessee, Texas, Vermont, Virginia, and West
Virginia.
Q. Is any of this land available free through
homesteading?
A. No. Congress has repealed the Homestead
Act.
Q. What lands are available?
A. Although homesteading is a thing of the
past, the BLM
does have lands suitable for purchase by private
citizens.
These are lands that have been identified as
unneeded by the
Federal Government or as better utilized in
private
ownership. By law, these lands are made available
for sale
at no less than fair market value.
Q. How are these lands selected for sale?
A. The law states that the BLM can select lands
for sale if,
through land use planning, they are found to
meet one of
three criteria: 1) they are scattered, isolated
tracts,
difficult or uneconomic to manage; 2) they
were acquired for
a specific purpose and are no longer needed
for that
purpose; or 3) disposal of the land will serve
important
public objectives, such as community expansion
and economic
development.
Q. What do the lands look like?
A. Land types vary widely. Some may be desert;
some are
rural. Some are small parcels of just a few
acres; some are
several hundred acres in size.
Q. Is any land suitable for farming?
A. Any lands with agricultural potential will
be clearly
identified in the sale notice. However, most
public lands
have little or no agricultural potential.
Q. On the average, what would public land cost
per acre?
A. There is no "average" cost. Each
parcel is evaluated
separately through established appraisal procedures,
based
on the value of surrounding parcels. Fair market
value is
determined for each parcel. No parcel can be
sold for less
than fair market value.
Q. How is the land actually sold?
A. The BLM has three options for selling land:
modified
competitive bidding where some preferences
to adjoining
landowners are recognized, direct sale to one
party where
circumstances warrant, and competitive bidding
at public
auction. The sale method is determined on a
case-by-case
basis, depending on the circumstances of each
particular
parcel or sale.
Q. Are there any preferences for veterans?
A. No laws currently exist allowing the BLM
to give veterans
any preference for land purchases.
Q. Where can I find out about land that is
going to be sold?
A. Your best source is the BLM office with
jurisdiction over
the area you're interested in. The BLM State
Offices and
their jurisdictions are noted in the back of
this brochure.
They can send you sale information. Sale information
will
also be published and broadcast in local news
media.
Q. Where are land sales held?
A. They are held near the area to be sold,
either at the
local BLM office or in a suitable public location.
Sales by
the BLM are not held in Washington, D.C.
Q. Are there any restrictions on who can bid
on these parcels?
A. Federal law states that the BLM can sell
public land only
to U.S. citizens or corporations subject to
Federal or State
laws.
Q. Must I appear in person to participate at
the sale?
A. Your personal appearance is not required,
but it is
always to your advantage to examine the parcel
and know
exactly what you are bidding on.
Sales can be conducted by oral bid, sealed
bid, or a
combination of both. However, even if only
oral bidding is
allowed, you can be represented by an agent.
Details on procedures for a particular sale
are
specified in the sale notice available from
the BLM. The
notice will specify type of sale, the percentage
of the full
price that must be deposited with each bid,
and the time
period allowed for full payment. The highest
qualified
bidder is eligible to buy the land; the deposits
of
unsuccessful bidders are returned.
Q. How is payment made? Is there financing
available?
A. A certain minimum percentage of the full
price is
required with each bid. If you are the successful
high
bidder,the balance must be paid in full to
the BLM within a
set period of time before a deed or patent
can be issued.
Long-term financing must be arranged through
private
lenders.
Q. Once the BLM issues my deed, can I do anything
I want with
the land?
A. Yes, according to the terms of the deed
and subject to
State or local restrictions. The sale notice
will clearly
specify any Federal reservations or conditions
of sale. These
might include reserving mineral rights to the
Federal
Government, or allowing some currently authorized
uses, such
as grazing, to continue for a certain period
of time, or
reserving rights-of-way or easements for powerlines,
pipelines, etc.
You are advised to review these conditions
carefully so
that you fully understand what your deed does
and does not
include.
Q. What about local taxes, zoning, etc.?
A. Once you receive title, the land is subject
to all
applicable State and local taxes, zoning ordinances,
etc.
Q. Are water, power, and sewer service available
on all parcels?
A. You should check with the city or county
involved to see
if such services are available.
Q. Are there roads or easements that guarantee
I can get to the
property?
A. The sale notice will explain legal access
to the property
or any access restrictions. You are advised
to check out the
parcel before you buy, including finding out
if available
access meets your needs.
Q. I'd like to find out what parcels the BLM
currently has listed
for sale. Where can I obtain that information?
A. The BLM State Offices listed on the following
pages are
your best source. They can tell you what sales
are currently
scheduled and what prospects are coming up.
You can write,
call, or visit them periodically for latest
details.
If a sale is currently scheduled, information
can be
requested from the BLM describing the property
and method of
sale.
More detailed information, such as land
reports,
environmental assessments, etc., is also available
upon
request for a small copy fee.
U.S.DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, FOREST SERVICE
New legislative authority will be necessary
to allow
the sale of national forest system lands. If Congress
authorizes the sale of national forest system
lands, details
can be obtained from the Forest Service, P.O.
Box 96090,
Washington, D.C. 20090.
TAX DELINQUENCY SALES
Some local governments sell private land
on which taxes
have been delinquent to satisfy the tax debt.
The Federal
Government has no involvement in these sales.
The best
source for information is the local county tax
assessor in
the area involved.
STATE LAND PROGRAMS
State governments sometimes sell state-owned
land.
Information on these types of sales can be obtained
through
the State Lands Office in the State capital.
U.S.DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
BUREAU OF LAND MANAGEMENT
STATE OFFICES
ALASKA:
222 W. 7th Ave., # 13
Anchorage, AK 99513-7599
(907) 271-5555
ARIZONA:
3707 North 7th Street
P.O. Box 16563
Phoenix, AZ 85011
(602) 640-5547
CALIFORNIA:
2800 Cottage Way, E-2841
Sacramento, CA 95825-1889
(916) 978-4754
COLORADO:
2850 Youngfield Street
Lakewood, CO 80215-7076
(303) 239-3705
STATES EAST OF THE
MISSISSIPPI RIVER, plus
ARKANSAS, IOWA, LOUISIANA,
MINNESOTA, and MISSOURI:
Eastern States Office
7450 Boston Boulevard
Springfield, Virginia 22153
(703) 440-1600
IDAHO:
3380 Americana Terrace
Boise, ID 83706
(208) 384-3000
MONTANA, NORTH DAKOTA,
and SOUTH DAKOTA:
222 N. 32nd Street
P.O. Box 36800
Billings, MT 59107
(406) 255-2940
NEVADA:
850 Harvard Way
P.O. Box 12000
Reno, NV 89520-0006
(702) 785-6501
NEW MEXICO, KANSAS,
OKLAHOMA, and TEXAS:
1474 Rodeo Road
P.O. Box 27115
Santa Fe, NM 87502-0115
(505) 438-7450
OREGON and WASHINGTON:
1300 N.E. 44th Ave.
P.O. Box 2965
Portland, OR 97208-2965
(503) 280-7158
UTAH:
CFS Financial Center - 301
324 South State Street
P.O. Box 45155
Salt Lake City, UT 84145-0155
(801) 539-4100
WYOMING and NEBRASKA:
2515 Warren Avenue
P.O. Box 1828
Cheyenne, WY 82003
(307) 775-6117
OTHER LAND DISPOSALS BY FEDERAL AGENCIES GENERAL
SERVICES
ADMINISTRATION
REGION 1
CONNECTICUT, ILLINOIS, INDIANA,
MAINE, MASSACHUSETTS, MICHIGAN,
MINNESOTA, NEW HAMPSHIRE,
NEW JERSEY, NEW YORK, OHIO,
PUERTO RICO, RHODE ISLAND,
VERMONT, VIRGIN ISLANDS, WISCONSIN
10 Causeway Street, Room 1079
Boston, MA 02222
(617) 565-5700
REGION 4
ALABAMA, DELAWARE,
DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA, FLORIDA,
GEORGIA, KENTUCKY, MARYLAND,
MISSISSIPPI, NORTH CAROLINA,
PENNSYLVANIA, SOUTH CAROLINA,
TENNESSEE, VIRGINIA, WEST VIRGINIA
401 West Peachtree Street
Atlanta, GA 30365
(404) 331-5133
REGION 7
ARKANSAS, COLORADO, IOWA, KANSAS,
LOUISIANA, MISSOURI, MONTANA,
NEBRASKA, NEW MEXICO,
NORTH DAKOTA, OKLAHOMA,
SOUTH DAKOTA, TEXAS, UTAH,
WYOMING
819 Taylor Street
Fort Worth, TX 76102
(817) 334-2331
REGION 9
ALASKA, AMERICAN SAMOA, ARIZONA,
CALIFORNIA, GUAM, HAWAII, IDAHO,
NEVADA, OREGON, THE TRUST
TERRITORY OF THE PACIFIC ISLANDS,
WASHINGTON
525 Market Street
San Francisco, CA 94105
(415) 744-5940
U.S. Department of the Interior
Bureau of Land Management
1849 C St., N.W.
Washington, D.C. 20240
As the Nation's principal conservation
agency, the
Department of the Interior has responsibility
for most of
our nationally owned public lands and natural
resources.
This includes fostering the wisest use of our
land and water
resources, protecting our fish and wildlife, preserving
the
environmental and cultural values of our national
parks and
historical places, and providing for the enjoyment
of life
through outdoor recreation. The Department assesses
our
energy and mineral resources and works to assure
that their
development is in the best interests of all our
people. The
Department also has a major responsibility for
American
Indian reservation communities and for people
who live in
Island Territories under U.S. administration.
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